1. By Testing Method (Manual / Automation)
Manual Testing
- Exploratory Testing
- Ad-hoc Testing
- Usability Testing
- Monkey Testing
- Error Guessing
- Compatibility Testing
Automation Testing
- UI Automation
- API Automation
- Mobile Automation
- Functional Automation
- Regression Automation
- Performance Automation
Tools: Selenium, Cypress, Playwright, Appium, Postman, JMeter, K6, Rest Assured, TestNG, JUnit
2. By Level of Testing (Very Important for QA)
1️⃣ Unit Testing
2️⃣ Integration Testing
3️⃣ System Testing
4️⃣ User Acceptance Testing (UAT)
3. By Type of Functional Testing
- Smoke Testing
- Sanity Testing
- Regression Testing
- Retesting
- End-to-End (E2E) Testing
- Interface Testing
- Localization & Internationalization Testing
- Database Testing
- Installation Testing
- Validation Testing
- Verification Testing
4. By Type of Non-Functional Testing
- Performance Testing
- Load Testing
- Stress Testing
- Volume Testing
- Scalability Testing
- Security Testing
- Vulnerability Testing
- Penetration Testing
- Reliability Testing
- Compatibility Testing
- Recovery Testing
- Accessibility Testing (A11Y)
5. By Test Design Techniques (ISTQB Standard)
Black Box Testing
- Equivalence Partitioning
- Boundary Value Analysis
- Decision Table Testing
- State Transition Testing
- Use Case Testing
White Box Testing
- Statement Coverage
- Branch Coverage
- Condition Coverage
- Path Coverage
Experience-Based Testing
- Exploratory
- Error Guessing
- Checklist-based
6. By Life Cycle
SDLC Models
- Waterfall
- Agile
- Scrum
- V-Model
- Spiral
- DevOps
STLC Phases
- Requirement Analysis
- Test Planning
- Test Case Design
- Test Environment Setup
- Test Execution
- Defect Logging
- Test Closure
7. QA Documentation Formats
These are important for blogs & course content.
- Test Plan
- Test Strategy
- Test Case
- Test Scenario
- Test Script
- Traceability Matrix (RTM)
- Test Summary Report
- Bug Report (Defect Report)
8. Defect / Bug Life Cycle
- New
- Assigned
- Open
- Fixed
- Retest
- Verified
- Closed
- Reopened
- Deferred
- Rejected
9. Most Used QA Tools (2025)
Test Management Tools
- JIRA
- TestRail
- Zephyr
- QMetry
Bug Tracking Tools
- Bugzilla
- MantisBT
- RedMine
Automation Tools
- Selenium
- Cypress
- Playwright
- Appium
API Testing Tools
- Postman
- Rest Assured
- Swagger
Performance Tools
- JMeter
- K6
- LoadRunner
10. QA Roles (Job Profiles)
- Manual Tester
- Automation Tester
- QA Engineer
- QA Analyst
- SDET
- Performance Tester
- Mobile Tester
- Security Tester
- Test Lead
- Test Architect
What is Software Testing?
Software Testing is the process of evaluating a software application to identify defects, ensure quality, and verify that it meets the required standards. It helps improve performance, security, and user experience.
Why Software Testing is Important?
- Detects bugs before users find them
- Ensures smooth performance
- Improves customer satisfaction
- Reduces maintenance cost
- Ensures product stability
Types of Software Testing
1. Manual Testing
Manual Testing is a process where testers execute test cases manually without using automation tools.
2. Automation Testing
Automation involves using tools like Selenium, Cypress, and Playwright to execute test cases faster and more accurately.
SDLC vs STLC
SDLC is the Software Development Life Cycle.
STLC is the Software Testing Life Cycle.
Key Differences:
- SDLC focuses on development
- STLC focuses on testing activities
Popular Testing Tools
- Selenium
- JIRA
- Postman
- JMeter
- TestRail
Conclusion
Software Testing is a promising career with high demand, competitive salaries, and excellent growth opportunities. Whether you’re a beginner or aiming for automation, QA offers a stable and rewarding path.